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}}Sir Robert Abbott Hadfield, 1st Baronet FRS〔 (28 November 1858 in Sheffield – 30 September 1940 in Surrey) was an English metallurgist, noted for his 1882 discovery of manganese steel, one of the first steel alloys. He also invented silicon steel, initially for mechanical properties (patents in 1886) which have made the alloy a material of choice for springs and some fine blades, though it has also become important in electrical applications for its magnetic behaviour.〔Geoffrey Tweedale ''Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London'' Vol. 40, No. 1 (Nov., 1985), pp. 63-74 "Sir Robert Abbott Hadfield F.R.S. (1858-1940), and the Discovery of Manganese Steel"〕 ==Life== Hadfield was born 28 November 1858 in Sheffield. Hadfield's father, also named Robert Hadfield, owned Hadfield's Steel Foundry in Sheffield and was one of the first manufacturers of steel castings. The younger Hadfield took over the business in 1888 and built the firm into one of the largest foundries in the world. Between 1898 and 1939 he lived at Parkhead House in Whirlow, Sheffield. He published over 200 papers on his metallurgical research. He died 30 September 1940 in Surrey.〔 ==Honours== Hadfield was knighted in 1908 and made a baronet, of Sheffield in the West Riding of the County of York, in 1917. He was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1909,〔 a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1912 and a Honorary member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1933.〔(The big encyclopaedic dictionary ) (in Russian)〕 He was awarded the John Scott Medal of The Franklin Institute in 1891. He was awarded the Bessemer Gold Medal in 1904〔H. M. Cobb (2012) "Dictionary of Metals" (ASM International) p 308〕 John Fritz Medal in 1921 and the Albert Medal (RSA) in 1935, both for his contributions to metallurgy. He is commemorated in the Sir Robert Hadfield Building at the University of Sheffield, which contains the Department of Materials Science and Engineering. There is also a wing at the Northern General Hospital named after him. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Hadfield」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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